Monday, June 23, 2014

What is the path between mouth and brain for the amino acid tryptophan?

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid found in several
kinds of food. It can't be created by the body and must be consumed, and so follows a
path of digestion and absorption in the body to reach the brain, where it assists in
hormonal production and regulation. Tryptophan is found in many protein-rich foods, such
as meats and fish, and as those foods are broken down in the stomach, the tryptophan is
released from its chemical bonds and allowed into the bloodstream. While there,
tryptophan is rapidly metabolized by body cells to help build necessary proteins;
additionally, tryptophan is blocked by the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain
against pathogens. Tryptophan shares a pathway with tyrosine, another amino acid, and so
a large concentration of one can block the other. Once tryptophan reaches the brain, it
is metabolized to create serotonin, niacin, and auxin, all necessary compounds for
healthy body function.

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