Thursday, September 30, 2010

What does George think of Lennie?

In Of Mice and Men, George is
Lennie's friend, his co-worker, his guardian, his conscience, and his surrogate
brother/father.  More, he is his loving mercy killer.  He eases Lennie's pain and
suffering after their shared dream has gone awry.  In short, George loves Lennie on more
than one level.


Unlike the other migrant workers who travel
alone and view the world as a "me" versus society ("Guys like us, that work on ranches,
are the loneliest guys..."), George and Lennie travel together, and George uses "we" to
describe their relationship.


The Boss and Curley are
distrustful of the traveling pair.  The Boss thinks George is stealing Lennie's money,
but George says:


readability="5">

I knowed his Aunt Clara. She
took him when he was a baby and raised him
up.



And George says to
Curley:


readability="11">

[George] "We travel
together."


[Curley] "Oh, so it's that
way."


George was tense and motionless.  "Yeah, it's that
way."



Later, when describing
the American dream, George defines it as shared and collective, including such
lower-classes as the mentally-challenged (Lennie) and the physically-handicapped
(Candy).  In this way, George is like ideal America: inclusive, pluralistic, and
affirmative.

Of the daughter and the mother in the poem "A Photograph" by Shirley Toulson, whose loss was greater?A Photograph (Excerpt)by Shirley Toulson... A...


... The sea
holiday
Was her past, mine is her laughter. Both wry
With the
laboured ease of loss.



This
quote from the poem holds the answer to the question of whose loss is greater. These
lines contain ambiguity intended by the poet that gives the
clue to the answer.


The mother's
loss
is suggested in the description of "wry ... laughter."
"Wry" is defined as warped, twisted, sardonic,
bitter, scornful, derisive, mocking, cynical.
A wry laugh is not a happy
laugh. A wry laugh is one that scorns because the expectations of youthful life have not
been met: wry laughter scorns the mother's past because the hopes for her present life
were not met. For a mother to look an old photo of herself, taken at a happy time, with
a wry laugh means that she has lost her hope, her joy, her true laughter, her sense of
worth and self. This is a lot to lose. The poem leaves no question that this is what the
mother lost because her laughter is "wry" and thus self-mocking: there is only one
meaning for wry, and wryness only comes to a person through great disillusionment and
bitter personal loss.


When the
daughter
persona of the poem suggests that her own past loss is the
mother's laughter, ambiguity is created. "Past" and "loss"
are equated through the word "both" so that since the daughter's past is the mother's
laughter, her loss is her mother's laughter. Ambiguity here makes it unclear whether the
loss is because the mother stopped genuinely laughing when wry laughter intruded on life
or whether the laughter stopped from the mother's death ... or both. Since the poet
chooses a photo that she describes with disaffection as "the cardboard," the soundest
analysis is that the daughter is speaking of both the loss of genuine heartfelt
laughter, replaced as it was by wry laughter, and the loss of laughter pursuant to her
mother's death, for she has "been dead nearly as many years" as the girl on the
cardboard lived.


The daughter's
loss
then is two-fold: her loss of the joy of her mother's true laughter
and the loss of her mother's life. The mother's loss is
two-fold as well: the loss of her belief in her past, which she came to see through
cynical eyes, and the loss of hope and joy in her present life. Based upon this analysis
of the poem's intentional ambiguity, it seems impossible to say that one or the other
had the greater loss. The loss of your own life to yourself, the intrusion of wry
bitterness with lost hopes and dreams, is a painful loss. At the same time, a daughter's
loss of her experience of her mother's true laughter followed by loss due to her death,
is an equally painful loss. The ambiguity of these lines
indicates that the poet wants us to understand and mourn the loss that each
experiences.


There are two additional points to consider in
trying to understand the ambiguity of the losses. (1) The daughter's loss would have
been less had the mother not lost her genuine laughter. (2) Both pasts, "sea holiday"
and "her laughter," were "wry / With the laboured ease of loss." The personified "sea
holiday" was wryly mocking the mother and it experiences its own loss because of their
"terribly transient feet," since all three girls have (or will) die like the mother has
died.

In the short story, "The Rocking Horse Winner", by D.H. Lawrence, comment on the use of genre.In its word choice, simple style, direct...

In response to your insightful question you need to think
of how Lawrence is using the genre of a fairy tale, but then goes on to subvert it and
challenge it to drive home his message. Firstly, the characters in fairly tales are
normally very "flat" characters - that is they are undeveloped and are not explored
psychologically in any way. This is certainly not true of the mother, who is described
in great detail, especially her lack of love for her children and her
greed:



She
had bonny children, yest she felt they had been thrust upon her, and she could not love
them.


There was always the grinding sense of the shortage
of money, though the style was always kept
up.



Likewise we are told a
lot about Paul and how he processes the voices that echo round the house, equating money
with luck, and we can understand why Paul sets on his self-destructive course - to gain
his mother's affection in a way that he is unable to do
normally.


The other major difference of course is the
ending. There is no "happy ending" that we are given in this tale. Instead, it is a
tragedy, allowing Lawrence to reinforce his central message. As the mother is left with
the dire consequences of her greed, we recognise the evils of materialism and how it can
literally rip apart relations and families. Remember the irony of the words of her
brother at the end of the story:


readability="13">

"My God, Hester, you're eighty-odd thousand to
the good, and a poor devil of a son to the bad. But, poor devil, poor devil, he's best
gone out of a life where he rides his rocking horse to find a
winner."



Note how this
message is underlined - greed can sometimes lead to death. But, the uncle comments, his
nephew is better off out of a world where he is driven to such lengths to gain his
mother's love.

Find the values of "a" for the line y= ax - 8 if it intercepts the x axis at the point where x=2.

y = ax-8 intersects  x axis at x =
2.


We know the equation of x axis is y =
0.


Therefore y= ax-8 ...(1) and y = 0...(2) are the two
lines whose intersection is x=2, and y= 0. Or at (x,y) =
(2,0).


So we put y = 0 in (1) and
get:


0 = ax-8.


Therefore ax=
8, or a = 8/x. but x = 2,


So a = 8/2 =
4.


Therefore  the value of a = 4 in order that y = ax-8 and
y = 0 intersect at x = 2.

Wednesday, September 29, 2010

In Death of a Salesman. explain why Ben is a symbol of success to Willy.

Ben is seen as a success because he is everything that
Willy is not.  Ben is adventuresome, larger than life, and above all, rich.  Ben
accomplishes what he sets out to do and is depicted in Willy's mind as someone that is
able to bend life to his own will.  This is not Willy, by any stretch of the
imagination.  Willy's imaginative conversations with Ben help to enhance the
apotheosized image of the older brother in the younger brother's mind.  In this light,
Ben does not have to endure the struggles that Willy endures and his statement of
emerging from the jungle as "rich" confirms in Willy's mind that being like Ben,
approaching life like him, and acting like him is what defines success.  Willy is the
diametric opposite of Ben and this is what makes him envy and covet him more.  Ben is
not shown in a realistic light because he is not a realistic vision.  Rather, Willy uses
Ben as an idolized and idealized notion of the good.

Tuesday, September 28, 2010

What are Daniel Boone's major accomplishments?

Daniel Boone is really famous for one major
accomplishment.  His major accomplishment is that he spearheaded the exploration and
settlement of what is now the State of Kentucky.


In 1767,
Boone made his first trip into Kentucky on a hunting expedition.  In 1773, he made a
much more important trip to Kentucky.  At that point, he brought his family and other
settlers (a total of around 50 people) with him.  They were the first British (America
was not yet independent at that point) people to try to establish a settlement in
Kentucky.


After the Revolution (in which Boone fought,
mainly against Indians), Boone became one of the leading citizens of Kentucky.  He held
various positions in government in the new territory.  During this time, he helped to
settle Kentucky, doing things like helping to establish roads, survey land,
etc.


This was Boone's major accomplishment--he did more
than any other individual to settle and develop the area that is now
Kentucky.

Monday, September 27, 2010

What are the main points in Freud's Civilization and Its Discontents?

One of the fundamental ideas in Freud's work is the social
interpretation of Freud's theory of the subconscious.  Given the time of its writing,
with the rise of Hitler in Europe, there is a ominous tone to the work in its
articulation of the subconscious and conscious, Eros, the force of love, and Thanatos,
the death instinct.  The work also discusses how society and social orders are forces
that seek to artificially control the subconscious through its acceptance and practice
of repression.  Freud's analysis of individual dreams as well as social practices help
to bring this idea out in full force.  It is through this that the notion of guilt
develops, and Freud's analysis calls for a more thorough approach to how the individual
addresses their own needs of the understanding of the subconscious as well as
acknowledging what society demands and wants.  In the end, the work forces individuals
to better understand themselves, but also does so in better articulation about the
direction of society.  With the emergence of Hitler and the Nazis, the work becomes even
more relevant to the times.

In Chapter 3, for what reasons are Crooks,Candy,and Lennie excluded from the poker game and the poker game and the trips to town?comment on whehter...

Crooks is excluded from pretty much everything because he
is black.  This was a long time ago and there was not really very much mixing between
black and white people.  Crooks is unhappy about this, but he knows that is just how it
is.


Candy is excluded because he is old and unpopular.  No
one really has much respect for him.


Lennie is excluded
because he is too dumb to be in the poker games and too dangerous to bring into town. 
Lennie doesn't really care.  All he wants is to have his dream of the ranch and maybe
something small and soft to pet.

What characteristics does Iago think women have? What Is Iago's opinion of women, as illustrated by the characteristics women have early in the play?

Iago is a misogynist  - if not a complete misanthrope. He
has no regard for humankind in general and has no respect for women at
all.


Iago comments each of the females in the play crudely
and negatively. He utilises Desdemona as the tool to bring down both Othello and Cassio,
he says-



So
will I turn her virtue into pitch,
And out of her own goodness make the
net
That shall enmesh them
all.



Iago is aware of, but
maliciously uses, her innocence to bring about the downfall of the two soldiers and the
fair Desdemona.


Bianca is not highly regarded at court and
Cassio is also guilty of abusing her. However, Iago using Cassio's words about the
hopelessly besotted Bianca to further anger Othello shows how he sees that women are
mere toys.


He is crude and distainful of his own wife,
Emilia, publicly and privately questioning her virtue and loyalty and labelling her as a
scold-



 Sir,
would she give you so much of her
lips



readability="6">

  As of her tongue she oft bestows on
me,




You
would have enough.



It is
Emilia who reveals her husband's evil machinations at the end of the play, and he slays
her cruelly for it.

Sunday, September 26, 2010

In "Musee des Beaux Arts" by W.H. Auden, who are the Old Masters refered to in line 2?

The term "Old Masters" (not a technical term in Art
History) - which appears in the second line of W.H. Auden's poem "Musee des Beaux Arts"
- refers to skilled painters of Europe who worked before 1800. The Old Master who was
"never wrong" about suffering is Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1525 - September 9, 1569),
a Flemish painter whose painting Landscape with the Fall of
Icarus 
constitutes the allusion of the second stanza of the poem.
Interestingly, a recent examination of the painting (1996) indicates that the painting,
famously located in the Musee des Beaux Arts in Brussels, is in fact a version of a lost
Bruegel original, a fact Auden would not have been aware of. It is through the Icarus
allusion that Auden articulates the principal  motif of the poem - how art
transforms the response to human suffering. When made the subject of art, suffering
loses its insistent existential thrust and takes on an aesthetic meaning - one that can
be ignored. Subsumed into art suffering no longer elicits an automatic response of
horror or sympathy, but allows detachment. Thus, in the poem "the ploughman" can ignore
the "forsaken cry" of the doomed Icarus, and the sailors, tangentially noticing a "boy
falling out of the sky" can steer the ship "calmly on". 

Saturday, September 25, 2010

What goes on in each stage of mitosis?

There are 6 stages of
mitosis:


  1. Interphase-DNA has
    replicated, but has not formed the condensed structure of chromosome.

  2. Prophase-DNA molecules progressivly shorten by coiling,
    to form chromosomes.

  3. Metaphase-the spindle fibres attach
    themselves to the centromeres of the chromosomes and align the chromosomes at the
    equatorial plate.

  4. Anaphase-the spindle fibres shorten and
    the centromere splits, separated sister chromatids are pulled along behind the
    centromeres.

  5. Telophase-the chromosomes reach the poles of
    their respective spindles. Nuclear envelope reform before the chromosomes uncoil. The
    spindle fibres disintegrate.

  6. Cytokinasis-the process of
    splitting the daughter cells apart. A furrow forms and the cell is pinched in two. Each
    daughter cell contains the same number and same quality of
    chromosomes.

Calculate tan(x-y), if sin x=1/2 and sin y=1/3. 0

We'll write the formula of the tangent of difference of 2 angles. tan (x-y) = (tan x - tan y)/(1 + tan x*tan y) ...