Explain what the author's purpose is when she describes Mr. Underwood's participation in the lynch mob scene in To Kill a Mockingbird.Note...

As the editor of Maycomb's newspaper, Braxton Bragg
Underwood serves as a neutral voice of reason in To Kill a
Mockingbird. Underwood rarely leaves his office, and this is one of the
reasons he is silently standing guard over Atticus and the jail on the night that the
lynch mob arrives. It is also possible that, as the eyes and ears of the town, he, too,
has heard the rumor that Tom Robinson will be paid an unexpected visit while Sheriff
Heck Tate is on a "snipe hunt." Because most newspapermen attempt to be fair and
unbiased, Underwood (named after one of the Confederacy's most reviled
generals) probably hoped for a fair trial; in any case, he must have decided that Tom,
at the very least, deserved his day in court.

Atticus'
comment later that "Braxton... he despises Negroes, won't have one near him,"
illustrates even more strongly Underwood's desire for justice. His editorial following
Tom's death shows no sign of his hatred of African-Americans: He is, first and foremost,
a newspaperman who keeps his own personal prejudices out of the
story.

Discuss the theme of "The Zoo Story" by Edward Albee?

The main theme of The Zoo Story is isolation. It comes in
many forms: It comes as division of class and status, it also comes as loneliness on the
part of Jerry and his inability to communicate, or to act acceptably in
society. 

Another resonant theme in the story is fantasy vs
reality. Jerry's isolation and separation from normal life is such that his stories are
absurd, and his behavior might be confused as that of a psychopath rather than that of
an eccentric man.

Therefore, the themes of isolation and
the division and loneliness that comes with it are the basic components of the theme of
the story.

Why does an electric light bulb nearly always burn out just as you turn on the light, almost never while the light is shining?

An electric light bulb is not an ideal resistor.  This
means that as the filament in the light bulb heats up, its resistance changes.  When it
is cool, the resistance is the lowest.  This means that when the switch is flipped to
turn it on, the current is larger initially and then decreases as the filament heats up
and the resistance increases.  The sudden change in temperature due to the current can
cause the brittle filament to break.  Once the bulb is shining, the temperature is
staying relatively constant and the filament is unlikely to
break.

my question is grammatical: Is it correct that should can have the same meaning as if ?nil

While English does not have a conditional tense
per se as do the Romance langugages, including French from which
English is derived (among other languages), there are certain words that used to
establish a conditional situation. 

In informal English,
speakers and writers use the word if to begin clauses that are
conditional. e.g. If this be true, we will
not delay.  Along with the conjunction if,
the subjunctive mood is used for the predicate [be is in
subjunctive mood].  (This is why speakers say If I were you instead
of if I was
you)

Should  is a verb that is
employed as a conjunction like if in this conditional tense,
although it is not used as frequently as if, especially in
America. This avoidance of its usage may be to avoid confusion
since should is used used as an auxiliary verb to express necessity
or obligation.  Here are examples that illustrate the difference between
should as a conjunction (1), expressing a condition and
should as an auxiliary verb in a sentence expressing necessity
(2):

1. Should you
   move out, I will not be able to pay the rent on this
   apartment.


2. I think you should
   move out of this
   apartment.

Therefore, the short answer to your
question of whether should can have the same meaning as if is yes,
sometimes.

What are some examples from Huck Finn that I could use to say the novel is a classic work of literature?i have to define classic and also write a...

Hemingway said, "“All modern American literature comes
from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn.”
 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a great American novel
because it addresses America's greatest wrong (slavery) using a hilariously irreverent
and iconic narrator (Huck).  Although it satirizes America, the novel is very
American.

It's a classic because it's a bridge from Old
World (The Odyssey) to New World, because it's written with such a
youthful voice, and because it is the synthesis of rogue and
rebellion:

• The novel is a
  picaresque (a novel told by a rogue, rascal).  Huck, even though he
  lies and ditches his dad and school, is morally superior to everyone in the book, except
  maybe Jim.  Huck becomes the biggest winner by being an outsider (the biggest loser).
  


• The novel is anti-European: Huck dupes the Duke and the
  King (symbols of Europe)

1. most European
characters define themselves in context of family

2. Huck
is saying that he doesn’t define himself with others or the past (birth of the American
rebel)

a. Not defined by
family

b. Not defined by
society

c. Not defined by old world
values

d. Not defined by old
literature

• The novel is very
  antinomian (rebellious), and
  it is descended from the great American spirit of moral, artistic, and political
  rebellion

1. Antinomian definition: “through
faith or experience of God’s grace, you live outside the
law”

2. Jefferson’s Declaration of
Independence: a list of complaints

3. Melville’s
(Moby Dick) “No in Thunder”

4. Henry
David Thoreau’s Walden, Civil Disobedience:
chose to live outside pro-war (Mexican War) society

5.
Hester Prynne (Scarlet Letter) as adulteress, forced to live
outside Puritanical society

6. Huckleberry
Finn: chose to live outside pro-slavery
society

a. Huck says, “I’m so lonesome I could
die”

b. Twain’s intro: “Persons
attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons
attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot
will be shot.”

He's calling out proponents of slavery, the
North, the South, Republicans, Democrats, Christians, parents, schools, whites,
Europeans, and critics of the book.  As such, he's going after nearly
everybody.

If there is collision between the president and Congress, can Congress restrain the president in foreign policy making?

It would depend on the specific issue, but there are ways
that Congress can restrain the President in foreign policy issues. One very effective
way would be to simply refuse to fund the policy, at least if it has the potential to be
expensive. Congress would hesitate to do this, however, as Congress runs the risk of
being blamed for the policy's failure.

If the president's
policy could be interpreted by Congress as "a high crime or misdemeanor," Congress could
begin impeachment procedures. Two presidents have been impeached (Andrew Johnson and
Bill Clinton) although neither was convicted and
removed.

Any foreign policy program that required an action
from Congress in the form of a bill could also be killed in Congressional committees and
subcommittees. It may never get to the Congressional floor for
voting.

However, in at least one important foreign policy
area - the extension of diplomatic recognition to a foreign country - Congress plays no
role. That is at the sole descretion of the president.

Bob earned grades 83, 88, 87, and 83. If nicholas scores a 90 on his last exam, which measure of central tendency will give him the highest...

Hi ibrohi!

The three main
measures of central tendency are mean, median, and mode.

1)
The mean, also referred to as the average, can be found by
adding together the scores of each exam, and then dividing by the number of exams
taken.

    83+88+87+83+90=
431

Then, dividing 431 by 5, we find that Bob's mean score
is 86.2

2) The
median of a set of data is the number that is literally in
the middle. If we order these five grades from lowest to highest, we can find the median
by recording the score that appears third.

    83, 83, 87,
88, 90         87 is the median of this
set.

3) The mode is the number that appears the
most often. A set may have no mode, or it may have more than one. In this case, only the
number 83 is repeated in the set and is, therefore, the
mode.

Therefore, the median would give Bob the
highest score.

Hope this
helped!

Heather

What are the high school clicks that Melinda names? Which ones are important to Speak? Why?

The answer to your question can be found within the first
few pages of the novel.  Melinda has entered the Merryweather High auditorium for what
seems to be the first assembly of the school year.  Melinda immediately notices all of,
what she calls, the high school "clans."

readability="19">

We fall into clans:  Jocks, Country Clubbers,
Idiot Savants, Cheerleaders, Human Waste, Eurotrash, Future Fascists of America, Big
Hair Chix, the Marthas, Suffering Artists, Thespians, Goths, Shredders.  I am clanless.
(4)

Melinda goes on to
explain that her old clan the "Plain Janes" has "splintered," with its members being
absorbed by other clans above.  It is this statement that makes a few of these clans
quite significant (even the one that is now
extinct):

PLAIN JANES:  There
are probably other members of this group, but the main ones were Melinda, Rachel, Ivy,
Nicole, and Jessica (who has since moved to Nevada).  Obviously, their name suggests
that there was nothing incredibly special about them as a group:  average looking girls
doing average things.  That has
changed.

JOCKS:  This clan is
significant because it has absorbed Melinda's "ex-friend" Nicole.  Nicole has always
been athletic and shows lots of promise in the sports arena so she spends the beginning
of school "comparing scars from summer league sports"
(4).

EUROTRASH:  Melinda
doesn't shift Rachel into this group quite yet, but it becomes clearer as the novel
flows.  Rachel begins to be known as Rachel/Rachelle, hanging with all of the foreign
exchange students.  At this first assembly, Melinda something a bit
simpler.

It's
Rachel, surrounded by a bunch of kids wearing clothes that most definitely did not come
from the EastSide Mall.
(4)

MARTHAS: 
This clan is important because it is the precice one that her new "friend" named Heather
tries to join.  They are the ones who always wear matching clothes with accessories and
do volunteer work day and night.

SUFFERING
ARTISTS & THESPIANS:  This is the group that has absorbed Ivy. 
Melinda says that "she has enough personality to travel with two packs" (4).  In my
opinion, it Ivy with her art experience that truly breaks the ice again with Melinda at
the mall, chapters later.

How do Jem and Scout mature throughout the book? What dilemmas do they face that help their thinking better mature?

I think Jem most matures by watching the truth of the
trial and how it affects his father. From the mob in front of the jail in chapter 15 to
the trial's verdict in the early 20s, and his reaction to the trial, this young teen is
getting a taste of the evil of real men. He is protective of his dad by this point
because his dad has been through the criticism of friends and foes alike and has lost
something it was obvious he should not have lost. This makes Jem aware of the world's
inequities. Children have a notion that things should be fair. As many parents say...
Life isn't fair.

Scout's greatest moment of maturity occurs
in the last chapter when she learns through experience the lessons Atticus worked to
teach throughout the book. She learned to walk in someone else's shoes. She examined
from his porch what he must have been watching all along.

Solve for x, given that : e^(3x)=12.

We notice that the unknown is in superscript. To determine
the variable, we'll have to take natural logarithms both sides (we'll take natural
logarithms instead of decimal logarithms because the exponential functionhas the base =
e).

ln [e^(3x)] = ln 12

We'll
apply power rule of logarithms:

3x ln e = ln
12

But ln e = 1 and the equation will
become:

3x = ln 12

We'll
divide by 3:

x = (1/3)*ln
12

We'll apply again the power
rule:

x = ln
12^(1/3)

The solution of the equation is:

x = ln
12^(1/3).

What is the message in the poem by John Donne, "Legacy?" I can't seem to decipher it.

"The Legacy," a poem written by John Donne, a poet during
the reign of James I in England, is a love poem.

This is a
lovely poem about how much the speaker loves the woman in his life. He first
describes:

readability="14">

When I died last, and, Dear, I die
As
often as from thee I go,
Though it be but an hour ago,
And Lovers'
hours be full eternity,
I can remember yet, that I
Something did
say, and something did
bestow;

The speaker is saying
that he loves this woman so much that every time he leaves her, it's like he dies (a
metaphor). It does not matter if it's only been an hour: because for lovers, hours
separated from each other seem like an eternity. He then says that he left (bestowed)
something: it was his legacy—I believe that he intended for it to
be his heart.

The second stanza continues with this
theme.

I
heard me say, "Tell her anon,
That myself, that is you, not I,
Did
kill me," and when I felt me die,
I bid me send my heart, when I was
gone,
But alas could there find none,
When I had ripp'd me, and
search'd where hearts should
lie;

Here the speaker says:
tell her that I did not kill myself, but that she is
responsible—she killed me, metaphorically speaking. (In the leaving
it would seem that it was not his wish to be separated from her, in that he suffers so
much being separated from her...so he may be inferring that
she signaled that their time together was over for that day.) The
speaker goes on to say that he then tried to send her is heart, but when he went to the
spot where his heart would be kept, he could not find
it.

The last two lines of the second
stanza:

readability="7.5454545454545">

It kill'd me again, that I who
still was true,
In life, in my last will should href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cozen">cozen
you.

This means that he died
all over again when he realized that even though during his life he had been true and
faithful only to her, that in these last moments he should cozen ("cheat") her of his
heart.

In the last stanza, the speaker indicates that he
did find something similar to a heart, with the same color, but it had corners instead
of being rounded. It wasn't good or bad; in its entirety ("intire"), it had few parts.
He seems to describe it as something perhaps made by art: not the real thing. But
still—

I meant
to send this heart in stead of mine,
But oh, no man could hold it, for 'twas
thine.

He wants to send the
poor "version" of the heart he has to her, but even that is
impossible—no man could carry it to her because it already belongs
to her.

This is a wonderful poem—great for Valentine's
Day!

Discuss character development in Chapter 17 of To Kill a Mockingbird.Discuss the characters who are developed in ch 17, explain how...

I think Chapter 17 confirms readers’ interpretations of
Atticus, Bob Ewell and Heck Tate. Heck comes across as simple and honest. Atticus
remains calm and logical and this is illustrated in his questioning of Tate and Ewell.
Bob Ewell is a contemptuous, angry man. He thinks he can match wits with Atticus, but
his ignorance is revealed when Scout notes that Atticus is showing that it is more
likely that Mr. Ewell could have beaten up Mayella. Mr. Ewell also reveals his ignorance
when he says that he is not ambidextrous and that he can
use either hand as well as the other.

The only character
that I might say changes is Scout and I only say that because the entire novel is from
her perspective as she evolves throughout these situations. Jem tells Reverend Sykes
that Scout doesn’t understand so that he agrees to let her stay. In fact, she does
understand what’s going on.

In Act 1 and 2, what are some examples of dramatic irony in Hamlet?

Since dramatic irony is the kind of irony in which a
character in the play thinks one thing is so, but the audience or reader knows
better, scenes involving Polonius serve as having dramatic
irony:

• When Polonius speaks with his son
  Laertes, who is about to return to France, the father gives advice to his son.  But,
  buried in conversation are the themes honest vs. deceit and love vs. betrayal as, after
  Laertes leaves, Polonius instructs Reynaldo to spy on his son. (Act
  I,sc.3)


• In his conversation with Ophelia, as well,
  Polonius is deceitful.  While he questions her about Hamlet, he does shown concern for
  his daughter's feeling; however, he later informs the king that after Hamlet is mad
  based upon what Ophelia has told him.  Polonius, then, arranges for Claudius and himself
  to betray Ophelia's trust by spying on her with Hamlet. (Act
  II)

What is probably the most important topic to discuss when explaining this story to a beginning literature class?

The setting and character development are paramount to the
story. The narrator of “Greasy Lake” grows and changes during his adventures is apparent
from the two views of “nature” he voices, one in paragraph 2 and one in paragraph 32.
Early in the story, “nature” was wanting

readability="12">

to snuff the rich scent of possibility on the
breeze, watch a girl take off her clothes and plunge into the festering murk, drink
beer, smoke pot, howl at the stars, savor the incongruous full-throated roar of rock and
roll against the primeval susurrus of frogs and
crickets.

By the end of the
story, these swinish pleasures have lost their appeal. When, at dawn, the narrator
experiences the beauties of the natural world as if for the first time, he has an
epiphany: “This was nature.”  Greasy Lake is the perfect settin for Boyle’s story. Like
the moral view of the narrator (at first), it is “

readability="9">

fetid and murky, the mud banks glittering with
broken glass and strewn with beer cans and the charred remains of bonfires. There was a
single ravaged island a hundred yards from shore, so stripped of vegetation it looked as
if the air force had strafed it”
(2).

The lake is full of
“primordial ooze” and “the bad breath of decay” (31). It also hides a waterlogged
corpse. Once known for its clear water, the unlucky lake has fallen as far from its
ideal state as the people who now frequent its shores have fallen from theirs.  Still,
in its way, Greasy Lake is a force for change. Caught trying to rape the girl in the
blue car, the narrator and his friends run off into the woods, into the water. Waiting
in the filthy lake, the narrator is grateful to be alive and feels horror at the death
of the “bad older character” whose body he meets in the slime. His growth has begun.
When at the end of the story, two more girls pull into the parking lot, the subdued
narrator and his friends are harmless. Cold sober, bone tired, they know they have had a
lucky escape from consequences that might have been terrible. Also, the narrator knows,
as the girls do not, that Al is dead, his body rotting in the lake. He won’t “turn
up”—except perhaps in the most grisly way. It is this knowledge and the narrator’s new
reverence for life that make him think he is going to cry.

How has the study of rhetoric helped to improve the social lives and linguistic skills of the people living in today’s world?i will like to...

What you propose is a major undertaking, so my first piece
of advice to you would be to narrow it down some. The study of rhetoric can cover
book-length works (PLURAL) and still not touch on all of the aspects that you have
indicated an interest in.

However, you mention an interest
in the importance of rhetoric and modern society. Integrating a little bit of history
into the equation, the way that we have historically viewed language usage has been
closely intertwined with social status. To put it simply, a lack of sold rhetorical
skills has generally been associated with a lack of intellect or education meaning that
the better able a person is to use language properly, the higher his or her educational
level and social status is usually viewed to be. Of course, this is stereotyping, but it
gives you a precedent and the precedent exists because generally, throughout history,
education at the higher than minimal levels has been restricted to the wealthy. Open
access to education for all is a relatively new
development.

Turning to the modern global society, although
educational opportunities may be broader, expectations have declined and along with them
the importance of language and rhetoric. Freedom of expression took a higher position
relative to the basic structure and form of language. Being creative became more
important than being an effective rhetoritician. Now, as we move away from an oral
communications dominated world into one in which the use of printed words is becoming
more important (as international businesses communicate in text based electronic form
daily) attention is truning back toward the importance of language and rhetoric skills.
This is being reflected to a degree in the educational system, but often it is not until
a student reaches college that it is given any solid
focus.

The way that language skills can be important in
today's society is that the better you are able to communicate the greater your ability
to advance in the world and to connect with people globally. Strong language skills are
something that employers look for, and the use of language is still a determinant of
social perception. People who are able to communicate effectively (without slang or bad
grammar) tends to present a first impression of a person who is educated and capable - a
person who is more likely to get the job or have the greatest impact on the largest
number of people (one of the reasons for Hitlers rise to power was his skill as a
rhetorician, Martin Luther King was able to reach the masses both black and white
because of his gifted use of language).

Solve the following simultaneous equations. x – 2y = 6 , x + 2y = 8

We can solve the system using substitution method,
also:

We'll re-write the first
equation:

x = 6+2y (1)

We'll
substitute (1) in the 2nd equation:

6+2y+2y =
8

We'll combine like terms and we'll isolate y to the left
side:

4y=8-6

4y=2

y=1/2

We'll
substitute y in (1):

x =
6+2/2

x = 6+1

x =
7

The solution of the system is the pair of
coordinates: (7 ; 1/2).

What challenges did Africans face when they gained independence from colonial rule?

Another very critical and ultimately tragic challenge that
post-Colonial Africa faced was the military legacy of the empires, which placed minority
tribes in positions of power and the military over majority rival tribes.  This was
called indirect rule and was primarily practiced by the British, and as the above post
suggests, this system remained after colonialism ended, and is still the source of
conflict to this day in some areas of Africa.

To compound
this problem, the US and the Soviet Union waged the Cold War through proxy states in
Africa, extending foreign aid by the billions to sometimes ruthless dictators in
exchange for loyalty, resources or military bases, and huge amounts of modern military
weaponry, which turned centuries-old tribal disputes into genocidal bloodbaths.  The CIA
and the KGB were also very active in planning coups, rigging elections, and engineering
the most friendly possible governments in African nations.

What are some cons regarding welfare?

The problem that I see with welfare, or public aid, is
that some people take advantage of it. It is meant to improve the financial well being
of individuals who are in a state of financial crisis. Unfortunately, some people
purposely keep themselves at a level of poverty so they do not lose this aid. It is
definitely true that some people are in a current position that require the help of the
government. 

Another problem that I have witnessed with a
few people who use public aid is what they purchase in grocery stores. It should be used
for necessities such as milk, fruits and vegetables, bread, eggs, meat, etc. I have seen
people use Link cards for fillet mignon and this is not
right.

If people stay on welfare because they are lazy and
don't want to work it is not fair to the people who work two or three jobs just to keep
themselves financially stable. It also isn't fair to the people who truly need the
aid.

What is the purpose of Harry Potter being retold in a different media (film)?I am looking for a few points regarding the adaptation of the Harry...

It is no secret that more children's books are borrowed
and sold after an adaptation has appeared - and that this continues over the years,
since DVD and video sales keep the story alive.  But financial advantages is not the
only motivating factor for adapting literature to other media.  If we think of the
earliest literary adaptations to film was Cyril Hepworth's 1903 eight-minute silent film
of Alice in Wonderland, we might agree with those who claim that children's literature
as a cultural form has a historically long and perhaps even a special relationship with
adaptation, which may explain why it is so frequntly mediated and recontextualised
through film, theatre, television, radio and other digital
technologies. 

An adaptation is not vampiric: it does not
draw the life-blood from its source and leave it dying or dead, nor is it paler than the
adapted work.  It may, on the contrary, keep that prior work alive, giving it an
afterlife it would never have had otherwise.  A good story deserves retelling - and
shown again and interact anew - with stories over and over; in the process, they change
with each repetition, and yet they are recognisably the same.

What action should I take if I think someone is having a severe allergic reaction ?

The most important step to take is to call 911 if you
think someone is having a severe allergic reaction.  Many people with very serious
allergies carry an injection kit with them for such emergencies, but still, a person
with such a reaction should be examined and treated by a doctor, quickly.  Benedryl can
also be given and can help until experienced medical personnel can address the
problem.

I do want to emphasize that you would want to be
very sure that the person was experiencing an allergic reaction.  If you are with
someone you know, who has a serious allergy, you will probably be aware of that and know
the signs.  If you are with someone whom you do not know, trying to help that person in
any way could be a risky thing to do.

I have provided a
link for you that describes the symptoms of the most severe kind of allergic reaction,
anaphylaxis, so you can see why it is always imperative that you seek medical
attention.

Why is photosynthesis important to the survival of all organisms in an ecosystem?Explain in detail.

Photosynthesis is very important to humans and almost
every single type of organism on earth. First of all if you think about it, a lot of
animals that we eat, eats grass, and other plants. Without plants there wouldn't be
enough animals for us to eat. Cows would be gone meaning most of the animals on earth
will starve too. Before I get into a lot of details about how important photosynthesis
is let me explain what photosynthesis is. I've bet you learned it almost hundreds of
time so I'll shorten this explanation. Plants need a source of energy like we humans
need food for energy they need the sun. They use the sun, carbon dioxide, and water for
energy. They absorb the sun to form hydrogen and oxygen, and as humans breathe in oxygen
we pass on carbon dioxide. It's like trading our air for their air. They suck in the
carbon dioxide and you guessed it. They breath out oxygen, making it possible for us to
breath again.

Now back to the explanation why
photosynthesis is a huge part of our lives. Since without photosynthesis we wouldn't
even be here on earth, meaning no oxygen. Without oxygen no other animals would live
since there would be no plants. Most of them would suffocate in few seconds. I've read
somewhere before in the past that if all of the sudden there was no oxygen the whole
world would probably suffocate in 3 minutes. Most of the people would not be ready for
it, as some coincidentally sucked in air the last second giving them a little more
time.

There isn't much to go into detail with since it's
really easy to understand once you read
it.

Short
Answer:

Photosynthesis is important since
without it most animals would die in seconds from suffocation without oxygen. Without
oxygen means no food too, meaning no animals could eat grass/plants making all of the
other organism on the food chain collapsing down into nothing. The whole world's
organism would come to an end. Basically meaning everything wouldn't exist if it wasn't
for Photosynthesis. Even us.

Hope this answers your
question!

How was Frankenstein written as a gothic horror?

Frankenstein was written by Mary Shelley on a dare. She
and a few of her other friends were hanging out and they dared each other to write a
good ghost story. The other folks were prominent writers as well, and Mary was the
product of two successful writers. No one else took on the dare. At age 19, Shelley took
this seriously and Frankenstein was born.

The book opens
with a series of letters from a man on an adventure. Up in the Arctic region, he comes
upon a man who tells the story of his upbringing. This story ends up including his
creation of the monster, and then the monster ends up telling his story to his creator
which his creator is re-telling.

Gothic horror is an
off-shoot genre of the romantic era. Romanticism consisted of fantasy that could not
come true. It was impossible. This scenario fits romanticism because man can only
re-create man through one process. Romanticism also uses elements of nature to help
portray mood or tone. This book is no different. In fact, nature most specifically
builds suspense with it's light and dark connotations and the conditions of
weather.

The idea that humans could do such great evil also
contributes to the gothic nature of this piece. Up until the 1700s, much written text
was produced by the church. During this new time, an author's imagination could run wild
and did. Particularly because of what the French were able to accomplish in controlling
other peoples, many had feelings about the ills of what man was capable of. The
supernatural is indicative of this Gothic genre and Frankenstein
certainly possesses that.

What are the factors that led to Dally's notoriety in The Outsiders ?Write about his law breaking and his negative qualities.

Dallas Winston was the "bad boy" of the Greasers, feared
even by Darry. The other members treated him carefully, as he had a short fuse and a
long record stretching back to the age of ten when he was first arrested. Having spent
time in prison, just released as the story begins, his favorite way to let off steam is
fighting, especially gang fights. He survived three years in the gangs of New York City,
and, he owned a gun, something most of the Greasers did not. His smoking, drinking,
cursing, and crude way of dealing with girls rounds out his negative
image.

Despite this tough guy image, Dally had a soft
spot-Johnny-probably because of Johnny's abuse at the hands of his parents and his
quiet, inoffensive nature. Dally dies in a suicidal manner, after Johnny dies of the
burns he received rescuing two children from a fire.

Identify and explain an example of a humorous misunderstanding or slapstick comedy in The Taming of the Shrew.

In Shakespeare's The Taming of the
Shrew, we see humorous misunderstanding and slapstick in Act II, scene
i.

Petruchio has been encouraged to woo and wed Katharina,
the shrew in the story. He is drawn by her fine dowry. Petruchio meets with the girl's
father, Baptista, and they settle upon the financial details of the marriage. Petruchio
is interested in beginning his courtship immediately, and we have learned he intends to
flatter her into a good humor.

Katharina and Petruchio
meet, and thus begins the battle. I have seen this play staged, and the slapstick comedy
is present as Petruchio makes advances toward Katharina, and she physically side-steps
his attempts, turning his words back on him by twisting their meaning, while also
throwing things at him. A great deal of the slapstick humor would depend on the physical
"blocking" of the players.

In this part of the play, there
is also a moment when Katharina slaps Petruchio and he warns her not to do so again.
Their battle then continues with the thrust-and-parry of barbed
comments.

When Petruchio suggests that Katharina sit on his
lap, she says:

readability="6">

Asses are made to bear, and so are
you...

...inferring that he
is not only an ass that one might sit upon, but he is, as a man, an
ass.

Later in this scene, the "misunderstandings" are
purposeful as well:

Petruchio: Nay, come, Kate, come; you must not
look so sour.
Kate: It is my fashion, when I see a crab.Petruchio: Why, here's
no crab; and therefore look not sour.Kate: There is, there is.Petruchio: Then show it
me.Kate: Had I a glass, I would.Petruchio: What, you mean my face?      
(233-239)
When Petruchio accuses Kate of having a sour look on her face, she
responds it is her way when she sees a "crab," but he insists there is no crab.
She insists there is, and he asks her to show
him.  She tells him that if she had a mirror ("glass") she would, by showing him his own
reflection.
The comedy comes from Kate's desire to be ornery and
argumentative with Petruchio, giving him no opportunity to gain ground with her; she
does this by using double entendres, taking his words to means the opposite of what his
intent is. He is no better, delivering his own double entendres, but she is a equally
matched with him it would seem.
Shakespeare was a master at using verbal and
physical humor at the same time in order to entertain his audiences.

What is learned about Atticus through his dealings with the dog and Mrs.Dubose?"To Kill A MockingBird" by Harper Lee

Atticus displays many positive aspects of his To
Kill a Mockingbird character as well as his parenting skills during the
chapters concerning the mad dog and Mrs. Dubose. Atticus apparently has pledged to never
pick up a gun again following his earlier life as "One-Shot" Finch. But when he sees
that he is the best man for a dangerous job, he rediscoves his deadeye aim once again,
dispatching of Tim Robinson with a single shot to the head. However, Atticus does not
want his children to know of his earlier skills, and cautions Sheriff Tate to "hush." He
is not proud of his skill to kill, but the children soon learn the truth from Miss
Maudie, who explains that "people in their right minds never take pride in their
talents." Atticus' actions display the humility that is part of his
makeup.

When Jem destroys Mrs. Dubose's camellias, Atticus
lets Jem know that his display of destructive temper is not acceptable--no matter the
insults tossed by the old woman. Jem is taught a lesson through his punishment, just as
Atticus expects. He knows the true story behind Mrs. Dubose's request for Jem to read to
her, but he thinks it best not to tell Jem until after her death. As uusual, Atticus
does not mince words with Jem, and the realization of Mrs. Dubose's morphine habit,
coupled with the gift that she has left for him, is almost too much for him to accept.
But Atticus wants Jem to learn from his time spent with her, and his parental wisdom is
just and appropriate.

Explain Pip's character according to structuralism and psychoanalytic theory in Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. I just want to know about...

Structuralism is an approach to the human sciences that
attempts to analyze a specific field as a complex system of interrelated parts.  Thus,
meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices,
phenomena, and activities. Especially after World War II, structuralism rejected the
concept of human freedom and choice; instead it focuses on the way that human behavior
is determined by various structures.

While Charles Dickens
lived much before World War II, his writings evidence this belief in the determination
of human behaior by such various structures.  His character, Mr. Jaggers, often gives
voice to this belief.  For instance, when Pip goes to the lawyer to ask about Estella's
true history, Mr. Jaggers explains why she was given to Miss Havisham to raise; the act
was an attempt to counter the determining control of Victorian society upon the destiny
of the poor:

readability="16">

Put the case that he often saw children solemnly
tried at the criminal bar, where they were held up to be seen; put the case that he
habitually knew of their being imprisoned, whipped, transported, neglected, cast out,
qualified in all ways for the hangman, and growing up to be hanged. ...Put the case that
here was one pretty little child out of the heap, who could be saved....Put the case
that this was
done....

Likewise, the
history of Abel Magwitch witnesses this determination of behavior for one who is born
into what Dickens termed the "prison of poverty."  He tells Pip that to survive, he had
to be involved in

readability="12">

Tramping, begging, thieving, working sometimes
when I could...[he was] a bit of a poacher, ...a bit of a haymaker, a bit of a hawker, a
bit of most things that don't pay and lead to
trouble....

When arrested for
his involvement with Compeyson, Magwitch received the harsher sentence although
Compeyson was the more culpable, because Compeyson looked "the
gentleman."

Similarly, Pip is confined to his class in
Great Expectations.  As a boy, he is told that he is "common."  His
story is one of an individual's growth within a strict social order. Pip's craving for
social advancement outside his own culture is cause for his mistaken values on social
prestige and money.  His narrow view of the world, brought on by his initial low social
status, is, however, much improved by his association with the gentleman Herbert Pocket
and Mr. Jaggers clerk, Mr. Wemmick, who both demonstrate kindness and love.  Through his
experiences, then, Pip's "great expectations" of becoming a gentleman socially mature
into the realization that a true gentleman is one who possesses not merely social
status, but also
humanity.

In Chapter VIII of The Great Gatsby, to what does Nick attribute his restless night of sleep?

Chapter VIII begins with this
passage:

I
couldn't sleep all night; a fog-horn was groaning incessantly on the Sound, and I tossed
half sick between grotesque reality and savage frightening dreams. Toward dawn I heard a
taxi go up Gatsby's drive and immediately I jumped out of bed and began to dress--I felt
that I had something to tell him, something to warn him about and morning would be too
late.

There is a strong sense
of danger in the passage; Nick can't sleep because he feels that Gatsby is somehow
endangered. Nick has "something to tell him, something to warn him about," something so
important it cannot wait until morning.

The clue in the
passage that suggests the reasons for Nick's distress is the reference to "grotesque
reality" and Nick's "savage frightening dreams." To understand these references, this
passage has to be considered in the context of what had just happened and what Nick had
seen and heard.

On the drive back from the city, Daisy had
run over Myrtle Wilson, killing her, while driving Gatsby's car. The sight of Myrtle's
body had been shocking. Nick had told Gatsby shortly after the accident that his car had
"ripped her open." This is no doubt at least a part of the "grotesque reality" that
troubles Nick, but the bizarre reality of what he had witnessed extends
further.

In a terrible irony, Gatsby's car driven by Tom's
wife has killed Tom's mistress. Nick had been with Tom shortly after the accident and
had observed Tom's behavior; Nick knows that Tom has been shaken by Myrtle's death and,
very importantly, assumes that Gatsby had been driving. Tom had said to Nick, "The God
Damn coward . . . He [Gatsby] didn't even stop his
car."

Nick had also been troubled by another thought
shortly after Myrtle's death:

readability="6">

Suppose Tom found out that Daisy had been
driving. He might think he saw a connection in it--he might think
anything.

Nick tries to
imagine what Tom might be thinking. If he finds out that his wife had been driving, he
might think that Daisy had run over Myrtle on purpose. Nick is deeply worried because
Tom "might think anything," and Nick has no idea what Tom will do. This fear fuels the
"savage frightening dreams" that Nick experiences.

Nick
can't sleep because he is "half sick" with the shock of what he has seen and heard and
with a terrible dread of what may come of it. He must warn Gatsby about Tom Buchanan and
what Tom might do.

Can you please summarize Stephen Bandy's Criticism "one of my babies" for O'conner story " a good man is hard to find"?thanks

Stephen Bandy basically disagrees with Flannery O'Connor's
explanation of her own short story. He agrees with D. H. Lawrence who says we should
"trust the art but not the artist." He believes that in spite of what O'Connor says
about the message of Christian grace, there IS no redeeming grace for any of the
characters in this short story. He says that while the story's themes center on the
Christian view of faith, death and salvation, the story's message is pessimistic and
"subversive" to the message of Christianity. He says the story speaks for itself and
that the author should not speak for the story.

Flannery
O'Connor has remarked that she was always surprised when people told her the grandmother
in the story was evil. It was her intent to show that the grandmother was able to
exhibit grace at the end of the story. Most people that read the story miss
this.

The "art" of this story is the fact that it is so
deep that it inspires lots of great discussions.

What is the role or the meaning of “less” and “of” in “it's less of a mouthful than 'Henrietta'”?In “I've always called myself...

In "it's less of a mouthful than 'Henrietta',” the word
less functions as a
determiner in the noun phrase "less of a mouthful." title="Determiner: Oxford Advanced Learner Dictionary Online"
href="http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/dictionary/determiner">Oxford
Dictionary Online defines a determiner as "a word
such as the, some, my, etc. that comes before a noun to show how
the noun is being used." You can see that less is similar in nature
to the example some (note the etc. in Oxford's
definition indicating an expanded list of possible determiners). In addition,
less in the comparative less than cannot be
analyzed in isolation because, in this comparative context, it is part of a formula for
comparison, that being less than. Oxford gives patterns for it's
use as (1) less of a something than something and (2) in
less than something. Further, in this usage,
than functions as a
preposition (Oxford).

The
comparative phrase "less of a mouthful than" fits the href="http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/dictionary/less+than#less_1">Oxford
pattern less of something than something. The
role of
less is to describe the type of
comparison in the pattern less of something to more or something
else. Its meaning is that of a
determiner in a noun phrase; it shows how the noun is being
used. In this case, the noun mouthful is being used as the
point of (or the origin of) a comparison to another thing. The comparison of the noun to
another thing gives clarity on how to perceive, understand, or think about the other
thing. In this case, the noun mouthful, in relation to Henny, gives
clarity to how to think about Henrietta: it is harder to say; it is too long to say; it
is too formal to say; etc.

In "it's less of a mouthful than
'Henrietta',” the word of functions as
a preposition in the noun phrase "less of a mouthful."
href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/?q=of&x=0&y=0">Cambridge
Dictionary Online defines of exclusively as a preposition
and gives more than a dozen meanings for its use. These include its meanings indicating
possession, amount, position, made of, judgement, relating to, done by, felt by,
comparing, and many more.

The
meaning that pertains to
of in "it's less of a mouthful than
'Henrietta'” is that of amount. It is comparing the figurative amount of
Henny--remember, we are working with the figurative idiom "less of a mouthful" since you
cannot have a literal mouthful of Henny, either the name or the person--to the
figurative amount of Henrietta--nor can you have a literal mouthful of Henrietta, name
or person. So the role of plays in
"less of a mouthful" is that of a connecting preposition.
href="http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/preposition">Longman,
Cambridge, and Oxford Dictionaries define a preposition as a word before a noun (or a
pronoun or a gerund) that shows its relationship or
connection to another word. These relationships and connections pertain
to time, location, direction, amount, place, position, and
method.

Regarding your
suggestions as to the syntactical analysis of less
and of, first, although
Cambridge Dictionary defines less as having a pronoun function,
here less is clearly used as a
determiner in a noun phrase ("less of a mouthful" noun
phrase: determiner + preposition + article + head noun). So your suggestion that
less is a pronoun is not correct. None
of your examples are syntactically like the noun phrase "less of a mouthful."
Second, you have seen that Cambridge Dictionary defines
of only, solely, as a preposition. Oxford and Longman agree. So
your suggestion that of is an
adjective in "less of a mouthful" is not correct. Each of
your examples is syntactically very different from "less of a
mouthful."

Test the series for convergence or divergence. sum[(-1)^n*(n/ln(n)) n=2..infinity] show steps

To test the convergence of (-1)^n*n/ln for
n=2,3,....infinity,

Solution:

Sn
= (2/ln2-3/ln3) +
(4/ln4-5/ln5)+.....2n/ln2n-9n+1)ln(2n+1)+....

We study the
difference (2n/ln - 2ln2n+1)

We know that (1+x)^n
 >1+nx > nx .Or

n/ln(1+x) > ln(nx) .
Or

n/ln(1+1)> lnn for x=1.
Or

n/ln n >1/ln2. l/ln x is a continuous increasing
function.

Therefore (n+1)/ln(n+1) - n/ln is posititive . So
we can use cauchy's condensation test.

The Series Sn = Sum
(2n+1)/ln(2n+1) -2n/ln(2n) and  sum Vn a^2n {a^(2n+1)/lna^(2n+1) - a^(2n)/lna^(2n)]
where a is a a number >=2 behave alike.

Simplifying
Vn:

Vn = a^(4n){a/[a/(2n+1)ln a] - 1/2nln
a}

=
(a^2n/lna){(a*2n-2n-1)/[(2n+1)(2n)]}

= (a^4n/lna){ 2n(a
-1)+1]/[(2n)(2n+1)]}

= (a^4n/(2n+1){(a-1
 +1/(2n)}{1/lna}

Taking limit a^4n/(2n+1) is unbounded. The
other factor {a-1 +1/(2n){1/lna} is a finite
quantity,

Therefore, Sum Vn diverges.And  Sn = Sum
(2n+1)/ln(2n+1) -2n/ln(2n) should behave
similarly.

Therefore , -Sn = Sum -[(2n+1)/ln(2n+1)
-2n/ln(2n) ] = Sum{2n/ln2n - ( 2n+1)/ ln(2n+1)] should also
diverge.

In A Wrinkle in Time, what is the thing and which historical figures have opposed it? Chapter 5

The Black Thing is the embodiment of evil.  Evil is often
described as "dark" or "black" in literature.  The Black Thing has been opposed by great
artists, religious figures, inventors, philanthropists and thinkers throughout Earth's
history.  Basically, the Black Thing is a Devil-like character battled by Christ and
other religious figures, because the novel references Biblical versus.  Buddha is also
mentioned.  It was also fought by other important thinkers.  Leonardo da Vinci,
Shakespeare, Einstein, Bach, and Gandhi are also
mentioned.

By describing the Black Thing as having been so
important to various historical figures, L’Engle is establishing the common thread of
humanity that fights with evil.  It is not just religion that is important to battling
evil and establishing good, but also art, science, philosophy and good
works.

Why did the Harlem renaissance happen and what was it?

The Harlem Renaissance was a blossoming of African
American intellectual life in the 1920s and 1930s centered in the Harlem neighborhood of
New York City. The movement resulted in an explosion of African American art, music, and
literature and included such names as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurtson, Jean Toomer,
James Weldon Johnson, Aaron Douglas, Billie Holliday, and many, many
others.

Two primary factors facilitated the Harlem
Renaissance: the Great Migration and World War I. The Great Migration involved thousands
of African Americans moving to northern cities and concentrating themselves in
communities where they could support one another. After World War I, industrialization
provided greater job opportunities and more prosperity to support cultural and artistic
endeavors.

In The Kite Runner, what is Baba's and Amir's relationship like in California?

What we can clearly see happening is that, now that Baba
and Amir are in America, it is Baba who becomes more dependent on Amir and is confused
by the rules of society in America. Before, it was the other way round, with Baba
clearly showing himself to be strong and confident in his home environment. However,
now, he is made weaker and diminished as a character in this new world. Note what Amir
tells us about him:

readability="17">

I glanced at him across the table, his nails
chipped and black with engine oil, his knuckles scraped, the smells of the gas
station--dust, sweat, and gasoline--on his clothes. Baba was like the widower who
remarries but can't let go of his dead wife. He missed the sugarcane fields of Jalalabad
and the gardens of Paghman. He missed people milling in and out of his house, missed
walking down the bustling aisles of Shor Bazaar and greeting people who knew him and his
father, knw his grandfather, people who shared ancestors with him, whose pasts
intertwined with his.

Of
course, for Amir, what he loves about America, and perhaps why he is so successful in
his new home, is precisely the way that he is able to "bury memories" here and start
again. It is this that makes him become more and more responsible for his father as Baba
struggles to adjust to the new reality of life in America, and increasingly looks to his
son for guidance and support to negoitate their way through their new
environment.

Describe in detail the steps of a bill becoming a law.

In the United States, according to the Constitution, there
are several steps in a bill becoming a law.  These are extensions to the principles and
ideas that are found within the Constitution.  A bill starts out as an idea that is
motivated from particular constituents of a member of Congress.  There is some need that
needs to be addressed and this need is what forms legislation.  A bill can start in
either the House of Representatives or the Senate, although the Constitution states that
all revenue bills must start in the House.  The bill is refined and developed in
committee action, where a select group of expert Congressional members debate and
discuss different aspects of the topic area and form the actual language of the bill.
Once submitted and passed through committee, the bill goes to the floor of the
particular chamber of Congress (House or Senate) for floor action, where members have
their particular say on the bill in terms of discussion and discourse.  Once a form of
the bill has been agreed upon, the chamber votes.  If there is a majority, then it goes
on to the next portion of Congress for further debate and refining.  If the bill is
voted in approval, it goes to the President's desk, who can choose to sign the bill or
send it back to Congress for further changes.  Once signed, the bill becomes a law.  If
the Congress can muster up a 2/3 vote in each portion to override the Presidential veto,
the bill can become law in this manner, as well.

Where in The Stranger does Meursault say he doesn't care or it doesnt make a difference to him?Where meursault shows or says he doesn't care about...

In Chapter II of The Stranger,
Meursault says:

readability="6">

I remembered it was a Sunday, and that put me
off; I’ve never cared for
Sundays.

In
Chapter III, Meursault is prompted by Raymond to write a letter that may be used to lure
his Arab (Moor) girlfriend back to him.  Meursault
responds:

I
kept silence and he said it again. I didn’t care one way or the
other, but as he seemed so set on it, I nodded and said,
“Yes.”

In Chapter V, when
asked by his boss if he'd prefer moving to Paris for a job promotion, Meursault
responds:

I
told him I was quite prepared to go; but really I didn’t care much one way
or the
other.

In Part
II, Chapter II, Mersault finally starts to reflect on his life once in prison.  He
says:

readability="8">

THERE are some things of which I’ve
never cared to talk. And, a few days after I’d been sent to prison, I
decided that this phase of my life was one of
them.

Later, in Part II,
Chapter V, Meursault reflects on death:

readability="12">

And, on a wide view, I could see
that it makes little difference whether one dies at the age of thirty or threescore and
ten—since, in either case, other men and women will continue living, the
world will go on as
before.

So, Meursault doesn't
care about that which most of the culture cares about: Sundays, revenge, job promotions,
prison, and even death.  As an absurd hero, Meursault is either in denial or in a state
of repressed anger about the importance of these events.  In short, Meursault hates
death, loves life, and scorns the gods.  He does not see any religious importance to the
ritual of Sunday, the point of menial labor, or the fear of death--for he, like his
mother, is ready to live his life over again just the way he lived it in the first
place--with no guilt or regrets.

Solve the following simultaneous equations. x + 3y = 2 , 2x + 8y = 6

We'll solve the system using substitution method and we'll
write x from the 1st equation, with respect to y:

x = 2 -
3y

We'll substitute x in the 2nd
equation:

2(2 - 3y) + 8y =
6

We'll remove the brackets:

4
- 6y + 8y = 6

We'll combine like
terms:

2y = 6 - 4

2y =
2

y  = 1

We'll substitute y in
the first equation:

x + 3 =
2

x = 2  - 3

x =
-1

The solution of the system is represented
by the pair (-1 ; 1).

How does Bradbury make the Mechanical Hound seem evil, menacing and destructive?

In addition to the above, for me what makes the mechanical
hound seem so menacing and destructive is that, for the most part, it can't be
stopped. 

A real dog, no matter how large and ferocious, is
not as indestructible as the mechanical hound seems to be.  A dog can be fought against,
at least.  A rock or a big stick, whatever, can ward off a dog; not to mention a piece
of meat.  But the mechanical hound does not stop, will not back off, will not lose
interest if you show submission.  The mechanical hound leaves a human with no options. 
That's scary.

Except one, of course:  fire.  But unless you
happen to have a flamethrower with you, you're out of luck against a mechanical
hound--or at least that's how it seems. 

Finally, the
mechanical hound itself is not evil, since it's a machine.  The people who program it
are evil, but the hound itself is not.

What are Pip's 'expectaions' in Chs. 3 and 4 ?

In Ch. 3 Pip is on his way with the stolen food items and
the file to meet Magwitch on the marshes. He loses his way because of the heavy mist. It
is then that we come to know that Pip's expectations are limited to his desire to be
apprenticed as a blacksmith to Joe:

readability="13">

I knew my way to the Battery, pretty straight,
for I had been down there on a Sunday with Joe, and Joe, sitting on an old gun, had told
me that when I was 'prentice to him regularly bound, we would have such Larks
there!

In Ch.4 on Christmas
day, Pip is very nervous and anxious. He is certain that the theft of the food items
will soon be discovered and that the police will arrest him. The chapter begins with Pip
'expecting' to be arrested by the police:

readability="8">

I fully
expected to find a Constable in the
kitchen, waiting to take me up. But not only was there no Constable there, but no dis-
covery had yet been made of the
robbery.

What are the major theme, figure of speech, and sound devices in "Blame Not My Lute" by Thomas Wyatt?

The theme of "Blame Not My Lute" is in keeping with the
courtly love poetry that he learned while on a diplomatic trip to Italy and tells of
love within the "love is like war" Petrarchian love conceit. The lute player, and
speaker of the poem, has changed his tune to match the lady's changed behavior; the
music sounds not so sweet to her as formerly, but this is because her behavior seems not
so sweet to him as formerly.

The Lady's response is to
break the strings of his lute. The speaker advises her to cease doing that, informing
her that when she changes back to her former ways, the music from the lute will undergo
a corresponding change and be sweet to her once again. Wyatt is expressing the theme
that blame can't be attributed to someone--or something else--when a person is faced
with the results of a change in them that leads to dishonorable and unloving behavior:
blame not my lute, blame yourself.

Wyatt uses
personification for the lute and strings, giving human attributes of action and
volition: "he must agree," "they must obey," "My lute and strings may not deny." Wyatt
isn't known for metaphor and simile or sensory related imagery (what things taste, feel,
smell like), but here, he does refer to what the flute sounds like "be somewhat
strange," "be somewhat plain." He also uses figure of speech scheme techniques such as
epanalepsis in "spite asketh spite" and repetition in repeating the ending line "Blame
not my lute!" in each stanza as well at the start of the first stanza. There are six
stanzas of a sextain and repeating ending line. The rhyme scheme is ababcc
d.

What is the area of an equilateral triangle if the side length is 12 cm?

You need to know two things to solve this.  First, you
have to remember that the area of a triangle is .5(base*height).  Second, you have to
know the Pythagorean Theorem.

Because we know that the legs
are each 12 inches, we know that the base is 12 inches.  So now we need to know the
height.

We know that one leg is 6 inches (half of 12) and
the hypotenuse is 12 inches.  So 6^2+x^2 = 12^2

36 + x^2 =
144

x^2 = 108

So the height is
the square root of 108.

Now to get the area you take.5
(12*square root of 108).

In Ralph Waldo Emerson's Self-Reliance, what does the following quote mean: "I shun father and mother and wife and brother when my genius calls me"?

This quote, from Self-Reliance by
Ralph Waldo Emerson, is one of the many very strong statements made my Emerson in this
piece. When he cites those family members, "father and mother and wife and brother," he
is citing the people who are, basically, forgotten, and left alone whenever "his genius
calls." This suggests two things. First, it suggests that Emerson believes he is and has
genius which may call to him at any time. Secondly, he feels that whenever he is called
to enact that genius, for him, probably in writing, he will forget and ignore all those
who should mean the most to him. He suggests that, when he is creatively working "with
his genius," he needs only himself, and need only be
"self-reliant."

"Hard Times is a passionate attack on contemporary Victorian society." Justify your statement with references to the novel.

I would say that the statement is true.  There is much in
Dickens' work that moves past literature and into the realm of social criticism. 
Gradgrind, himself, is a product of the Enlightenment and Industrialization Era.  His
emphasis on "fact, not fancy" is revealed to have left an emotional quotient lacking in
his children, something that is not missed by his daughter, Louisa.  When she criticizes
her father for failing to teach her how to feel, something that Gradgrind would have
viewed as "fancy," he, and the reader, fully understand the pitfalls of a world solely
driven by utilitarianism and industrialization.  Characters such as Bounderby were shown
to represent how industrialists cling to free market principles in order to perpetuate
abuses upon workers that enable owners to become more wealthy at the cost of others. 
The world of Coketown is depicted as one where the values and practices of capitalism
and industrialization produce a realm where questions have to be raised about the
direction of society and its impact on those who are the most
vulnerable.

How could you compare Waiting for Godot with Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?I need to write a comparison essay on the two of them and all I need...

Both Waiting for Godot and
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? are examples of the "Theater of the
Absurd," which affirms:

• Humanity’s sense of
  alienation and existential angst: its loss of bearings in an illogical, unjust, and
  ridiculous world.


• The heavy use of sarcasm.  Although
  serious, the plays can be quite comical…with much verbal and situation
  irony.


• Use non-linear, circular, episodic, or
  non-sequitir ("it does not follow") plot structures and use of
  dialogue.

In both plays, the characters are
waiting around from someone who is not coming or does not exist.  In
Godot, they are obviously waiting for Godot, and even though
Beckett says this is not necessarily "God," the implications are unavoidable.  This begs
the questions: why do we wait for God to reveal himself?  And, when he does not, why has
God removed Himself from the world?  The players are unable to exist with or without
Him.  In the end, the two resolve to leave, and yet they do not move; they have reasoned
themselves into inaction and paralysis--quite a paradox of illusion versus
reality.

In Woolf?, the couple says
they are waiting for their son to return for his birthday.  Obviously, the son doesn't
exist; he is symbolic of George, Nick, and Martha's father--all the young aspiring men
in search of the American Dream.  In the end, George must kill the son and exercise the
demon from Martha.  He must convince her that the American dream is an illusion, that
all her hopes of becoming the son her father wanted (or at least marrying him) have
created a life of games and illusion.  So, again, a major theme is the games we play to
convince ourselves that illusion is truth.

I need a summary of Voltaire's argument/theory for my history homework on the french revolutionit needs to be about what he was arguing against,...

Voltaire was from a bourgeois family in France.  He
eventually lived in exile in Great Britain.  During this time in history, France was
ruled harshly under an absolute monarchy, while Great Britain was ruled under a limited
monarchy - meaning people had more freedoms in Great Britain than they did in France.
 Voltaire compared his living situation in GB to France and felt that living under the
restrictions of the French (censorship, despotism, lack of civil liberties) actually
barred human progress - meaning that the system held back the people under it from
bettering themselves and their society.  He saw that in Great Britain, where the people
had more civil liberties, society was progressing.

He is
famous for the quote "I disapprove what you say, but I will defend to the death your
right to say it."  In France, there was censorship - people were not allowed freely
speak out again things they didn't like. The government would silence them.  He thought
that by doing so, people were less likely to try to change things - even if it was for
the better. That is why the conditions in France had been so awful for so long for the
3rd Estate - they didn't have the right to complain or be heard. Voltaire argued that
everyone should have the right to voice there opinions about the government (even if
they were not popular) and that the right to do so should be protected.  To Voltaire -
it would be the freedom to speak out against the actions of the government that would
influence others to also speak out and that eventually this would put pressure on the
government to change - thus making progress for society.

How is this quote from Hamlet related to political unrest in Shakespeare's time, and,if so,how has he used this quote to target his audience? I...

In the above quote from Shakespear's
Hamlet,Hamlet reflects upon the character of Fortinbras, who is
Norwegian.  He is the son of Fortinbras, whom Hamlet's father, King Hamlet, defeated and
killed for "a little patch of ground."

Fortinbras serves as
the most important foil to the dilatory Hamlet.  For, as Hamlet notes, he is willing to
"expose what is mortal and unsure"--his life-- for "an eggshell"--the battle which he
may easily lose.  For, while their situations are similar in that their fathers were
killed, unlike Fortinbras who acts upon filial duty, Hamlet is given to excessive
self-debate and procrastination. Described by Hamlet as "a delicate and tender prince"
(IV,iv,48), Fortinbras is easily incited to fight in the cause of national pride or
family duty.

With Fortinbras as a character of national
pride, Elizabethan audiences may well have perceived some parallels between the
Danish and the English court.  While the Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588, there
yet existed the potential of a renewed invasion attempt, just as Denmark fears an
invasion attempt.  In addition, in England, as in Hamlet, anxieties
regarding royal succession also exist.  One critic named Kurland in "William
Shakespeare's Tragedy as a Political Tragedy Rather than a Political Tragedy," contends
that there are echoes of Elizabeth anxiety over succession, accompanied by fear of
intervention just as occurs in
Hamlet:

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...Shakespeare's audience would have been
unlikely to have seen in Hamlet's story merely a private tragedy, or in Fortinbras's
succession to the Danish throne an unproblematic restoration of
order.

Thus,
it does seem that Shakespeare's possibly play alerts his audience to contemporary
issues. Again, the old question of "Does art imitate life, or life imitate art?"
arises.

Does the move to legalize weed for medical purposes count as a step towards the decriminalization of weed in general?

I personally doubt it, but that is obviously just a matter
of opinion since there is no official way to determine whether it's a step towards a
more general legalization.

In my opinion, it is not a major
step because the idea of medical marijuana seems so much different to people like me who
disapprove of the use of marijuana in general.  It seems to me that using a substance
for medical purposes is much different from using it for
fun.

So I can see a lot of people like me being okay with
the idea of allowing it when prescribed by a doctor but not with the idea of just
letting anyone use it because they feel like it.

So I don't
think support for the one implies support for the other.

How is Paul Marshall portrayed differently in the film version of Atonement compared to the novel?

Remarkably, the movie does a pretty good job at staying
true to the character of Paul Marshall; there are even moments when his dialogue is
exactly the same as in the book, in crucial moments.  For example, when offering
chocolate to Lola, he tells her in the book AND in the movie to "bite it...you've got to
bite it," in a very creepy and, if you are paying attention, telling manner.  He is also
the king of the chocolate effort in the war, and drones on and on about his chocolate
bars, even making everyone a chocolate drink.  So, in character, dialogue and
personality, they are incredibly similar.

In appearance
though, they do seem to differ.  In the movie, Paul is fair-headed, whereas in the book,
the description we get is that he is a dark-headed man who has a lot of hair; in fact,
it describes how "a few dark hairs curled free from his eyebrow" and also how hair grew
out of his ears.  So in that sense, the physical appearances are different between the
movie and the book.

Other than that, the Paul Marshall that
is in the book is the same as in the movie; same intentions, same crimes committed, same
creepy penchants.  I hope that helped; good luck!

On what factors was the United States' claim to have a "manifest destiny" based?

The claim that the United States had this manifest destiny
was based on the fact that the US was the richest and most powerful country in the
Western Hemisphere by the mid-1800s when the phrase was introduced. By the 1840s, the US
had achieved this status.  It was also the only truly stable democracy in the hemisphere
(since Canada was still a colony of Britain at this point).  There was, to be sure, a
component of racism in this sentiment as well -- there was the idea that the US was rich
and prosperous because of the superiority of its governmental system, its religion and
its racial background.

Because of these factors, Americans
felt themselves to be superior to the other people and nations in their region.  They
felt that this superiority entitled them to expand their borders in a manifest
destiny.

Is there any relationship between the complexity of a fossil and its age?Please give specific examples to explain your answer.

Scientists from the University of Bath (United States)
come up with new evidence, which seem to confirm a new law of evolution: organisms
evolve in general to an increasing complexity. Of course, such a law of evolution would
seem logical if we accept the premise that life began in simple
forms.

As simply as that, in this case it can only be one
direction in evolution: towards a higher complexity. However, nothing prevents the
bodies to return to a simpler form, once a degree of complexity has been reached. Let us
not forget that all bodies which have evolved and survived until today, are complex.
Bacteria for example, are simple forms of life, but they have adapted very well in
today's complex environment.

Of course, there are no rules
without exceptions. An example is bodies living in habitats such as isolated marine
caves. They seem to regress in their evolution towards complexity. Another example is
some species of parasites.

The fossils of the Cambrian
have a high level of complexity, in the layers of Cambrian, fossils being found
easily.They are very numerous and very diversified. Cambrian fauna includes
representatives of all major groups of invertebrates, that still exists today. Species
alive today are easily recognizable, with all their characters, once they are met in the
strata in which they were fossilized. 

Cambrian strata are
exposing a sudden explosion of species. As the Cambrian strata are examined,
strata which are known to be the oldest containing fossil, we discover that many marine
species have existed at the time, very clearly differentiated from one another. The
world of that time was as complex as that of today. Some forms are different from those
of today, while others are very similar, and in some cases, even identical. In the
latter category are blue algae, sponges and marine worms, for
example.

Comment on the interesting use of punctuation in the poem "The Flower-fed Buffaloes."Mainly in lines 4 and 12.

Line 4 ends with a semicolon. Semicolons can be used to
join two independent clauses. In this case, lines 1-4 are joined to lines 5-8. The first
four lines describe the changes of the landscape; the buffaloes used to roam where the
trains now sing. Lines 5-8 add to the description of that
landscape.

Line 12 ends with a colon. Colons are usually
followed by a list or example that is related to the clause before it. Lindsay repeats
that the buffalo are gone with the amendment that some remnants of the past remain. The
buffalo are gone but the Blackfeet and Pawnees (like the prairie flowers) “lie
low.”

Lindsay uses the semicolon to join two similar but
independent clauses. He uses a colon rather than a semicolon in line 12 because he’s not
just comparing two clauses. He wants to emphasize that some things are gone but some
things still remain. This poem is about nostalgia but also hope in the future. The train
“sings” and the buffalo “bellow.” This connotes nostalgia for the past but an optimistic
look at the future. His point stands out more with a colon than with a semicolon or a
dash. The buffalo are gone and the landscape has changed: but the Blackfeet and Pawnees
still lie low.

What happens when Billy sees the movie going backwards in Slaughterhouse-Five?

Watching the war films in reverse, Billy Pilgrim sees war
as restorative and peaceful. The film's action, going backwards, becomes truly inverted.
Instead of planes shooting each other they suck bullets out of one another. Instead of
dropping bombs to destroy cities, planes suck the bombs into their cargo chambers and
make the cities safe. 

The bombers opened their
bomb bay doors, exerted a miraculous magnetism which shrunk the fires, gathered them
into cylindrical steel containers, and lifted the containers into the bellies of the
planes.… The steel cylinders were taken from the racks and shipped back to the United
States of America, where factories were operating night and day, dismantling the
cylinders, separating the dangerous contents into minerals … [which] were then shipped
to specialists in remote areas. It was their business to put them into the ground, to
hide them cleverly, so they would never hurt anybody ever
again.

This passage demonstrates at least two
things. First, the nature of warfare is subtly explored. War is seen to be mechanical
and rather blindly destructive. The machines of war are shown to be products of a
military-industrial system, "manned" by automatons. The violence of war is given a
plain-spoken, factual treatment (albeit in reverse). Second, the role of perspective is
emphasized. 

Perspective is a major thematic
element of the novel. Here we see an implied statement that if only we could look at war
differently, we may be able to avoid its horrors. If we could see the mechanisms of war
clearly, perhaps we could assert our humanity against its machines. These concepts are
only implicit, but are clearly present in the passage and can be found elsewhere in the
novel as well. 

What could be one type of literary criticism for Brave New World?

Brave New World can be viewed from
the following
perspectives:

Feminist: how
are women (Fanny, Lenina, and Linda) portrayed?  Why aren't they Alphas?  Why must they
take mandatory birth control?  Does this lead to happiness and
freedom?

Mythological /
Archetypal: Who plays the role of the Hero, Loner, Temptress, Spirit,
Benevolent Father, Comic Relief, Nemesis?  What do colors, shapes, numbers stand
for?

Marxist: What is the role
of socio-economic class system?  Why do the Alphas exploit the lower castes?  Is there
an unequal distribution of labor?

Freudian /
Psychoanalytic: Does John suffer from repression and Oedipal guilt?  Is
his suicide the result of his guilt over having a relationship with Lenina, a younger
version of his
mother?

Existential: how does
the society limit the choices and freedom of the individual?  What role does
individuality have in the face of cloning and genetic
engineering?

Historical: What
are the meanings behind all the names, allusions, and references to science in the
novel?  What does Huxely believe is the role of science and technology in
government?

Evaluate the limit of expression 4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x. x-->x0 , x0=60 degrees

To evaluate the limit, we'll have to substitute x by the
value of x0, in the given expression.

lim
(4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x) = 4cos 60 - 6*(sin 60)^2 + 3*(tan
60)^2

cos 60 = 1/2

sin 60 =
sqrt3/2

We'll raise to square both
sides:

(sin 60)^2 =
(sqrt3/2)^2

(sin 60)^2 =
3/4

tan 60 = sqrt 3

We'll
raise to square both sides:

(tan 60)^2 =
3

We'll substitute the values of the functions in the
expresison above:

lim (4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x) = 4(1/2) -
6*(3/4) + 3*(3)

lim (4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x) = 2 - 9/2 +
9

lim (4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x) = (4 - 9 +
18)/2

lim (4cosx-6sin^2x+3tan^2x) = 13/2, for
x-> 60 degrees

Why does Jonas feel apprehensive in Chapter 1?why is he careful in chapter 1?

In chapter one of The Giver, Jonas is
feeling anxious. At first he thinks he is frightened, but realizes it is apprehension he
is feeling. The Ceremony of Twelve is coming up, and this is a big deal for all the kids
who are eleven. At this ceremony the kids will find out what their jobs will be, and
they will have these jobs until they have to go to the home for the old. Jonas is
apprehensive about what job will be chosen for him.

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He had waited a long time for this special
December. Now that it was almost upon him, he wasn't frightened, but he was...eager, he
decided. He was eager for it to come. And he was excited, certainly. All of the Elevens
were excited about the event that would be coming soon.
But there was a little
shudder of nervousness when he thought about it, about what might
happen.
Apprehensive, Jonas decided. That's what I
am.

This ceremony is the most
important part of a young person's life, and Jonas is well aware of that. Whatever job
they will be given at this ceremony, they will have until it is time for them to
"retire". Little does Jonas know that the job he gets is going to change his life
forever.