How did the Progressive Era's views on immigrants reshape America's cities and workplaces?

The Progressive Era's focus on immigrants helped to bring
about another level of change that helped to define the movement.  The Progresssivist
thinkers of the time period were driven by the need to include more voices in the
political decision making process of the time period.  While this traditionally
accounted for articulating the needs of women and people of color, Progressivists
quickly recognized that this is to include immigrants.  Progressive thinkers recognized
that this group of people were being targeted by Nativists who did not want them here
and others who manipulated the immigrants' poor grasp of English into conditions that
were unfair and dis-empowering.  Progressivist reforms that changed practices in
workplaces that were intended to target the immigrant as well as elimination political
barriers, such as the literacy test, helped to increase the number of voices in the
political discourse.  This becomes one of the lasting goals of the Progressivist
movement.