Oligarchy is a system of government in which power is
shared by a privileged few. Theoretically or ideally, the individuals sharing power
would be considered the wisest of the populace. The concept of oligarchy descends from
the Greeks. The government of Sparta was an oligarchy, while neighboring Athens had a
democracy. In contrast to the democracy, Sparta was ruled by a few and not
everyone.
There have not been many examples of oligarchies
in history or literature. The governing structure of the community in the book
The Giver is an oligarchy. Everything is ruled by committee, and
the committee is selected based on natural intelligence and wisdom. Power is equally
shared, and although there is a Chief Elder that person’s role is mainly as spokesperson
for the committee.
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