Tuesday, October 20, 2015

What is the indefinite integral of f(x) = (e^x - 1)^1/2 ?

We'll write (e^x - 1)^1/2 = sqrt (e^x - 1). To evaluate
the indefinite integral, we'll substitute sqrt (e^x - 1) =
t.


We'll raise to square both
sides:


e^x - 1 = t^2


We'll add
1:


e^x = t^2 + 1


We'll take
logarithms both sides:


ln e^x = ln (t^2 +
1)


x*ln e = ln (t^2 + 1)


But
ln e = 1, so we'll get:


x = ln (t^2 +
1)


We'll differentiate both
sides:


dx = (t^2 + 1)'dt/(t^2 +
1)


dx = 2tdt/(t^2 +
1)


We'll evaluate the indefinite
integral:


Int sqrt(e^x-1)dx = Int t*2tdt/(t^2 +
1)


Int 2t^2dt/(t^2 + 1) = 2Int t^2dt/(t^2 +
1)


We'll add and subtract 1 to the
numerator:


 2Int (t^2 + 1 - 1)dt/(t^2 + 1) =  2Int
(t^2+1)dt/(t^2 + 1) - 2Int dt/(t^2 + 1)


We'll simplify and
we'll get:


 2Int (t^2 + 1 - 1)dt/(t^2 + 1) = 2Int dt -
2arctan t


We'll put t = sqrt (e^x - 1) and we'll
get:


Int sqrt(e^x-1)dx = 2sqrt(e^x-1) -
2arctan [sqrt(e^x-1)] + C

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