Explain Atticus's views on people being judged in Chapter 20 of To Kill a Mockingbird.

On Chapter 20 of the novel To Kill a
Mockingbird  by Harper Lee we find Atticus giving his closing arguments to
the jury in order to avoid an unfair verdict in the trial of his client, Tom
Robinson.

Atticus Finch, from the beginning and after
analyzing the evidence presented in this case, plus the lack thereof, realized that this
was a case of an unjust nature. He (as he explained to the jury) knew that Mayella Ewell
had done the "unmentionable" bad choice of kissing a black man, but that it was not Tom
Robinson who beat and abuse her, but her own father, Mr. Ewell. In this assumption
Atticus was more than correct.  Mr. Ewell is an abuser of his children and Mayella used
Tom as her excuse for wanting to kiss him and become intimate with him because she was a
lecherous kind of person.

However, Atticus explains, that
it is a normal thing for humans to try to judge. It is an easy thing to do: Just to
assume that all people from a specific background are supposed to be and act in a
certain way. Yet, Atticus explains that every human being has the same capacity for good
and evil as the person next door. Everyone has the capacity for lust, for violence, and
for many other things- therefore, it would be quite insolent from the part of the jury
to convict Tom Robinson without looking at the evidence just for the sake that he is
black, and that blacks are all criminalized.

In the end,
Atticus closed with the words "for God's sake, believe him", which is a last plea to
their consciences and to make them think outside the box. The people from Macomb were
blindsided and narrow-minded. They would have not even bothered going through trial
because they live on the assumption that all whites are good and all blacks are
miserable. Atticus was begging and appealing to their common sense, which in Macomb is
not a common denominator. As expected, Atticus lost his case, but he did not lose his
credibility in Tom Robinson.