Sunday, March 25, 2012

Solve the equation: 2 sin 2x + 3*(sin x+cos x) = -2.

We'll solve this equation
algebraically.


We'll move all terms to one
side:


2sin2x + 3(sinx+cosx) + 2 =
0


We'll substitute sin 2x = 2sin x*cos
x


2*2sin x*cos x + 3(sinx+cosx) + 2 =
0


We'll note sin x + cos x =
y.


We'll raise to square and we'll
get:


(sin x + cos x)^2 =
y^2


(sin x)^2 + (cos x)^2 + 2sin x*cos x =
y^2


But (sin x)^2 + (cos x)^2 =
1:


1 + 2sin x*cos x = y^2


2sin
x*cos x = y^2 - 1


We'll re-write the given equation in
y:


2*(y^2 - 1) + 3(y) + 2 =
0


We'll remove the
brackets:


2y^2 - 2 + 3y + 2 =
0


We'll eliminate like
terms:


2y^2 + 3y = 0


We'll
factorize by y:


y(2y + 3) =
0


We'll put y = 0


But y = sin
x + cos x:


sin x + cos x =
0


We'll divide by cos x:


tan x
+ 1 = 0


tan x = -1


x = -pi/4 +
kpi


2y + 3 = 0


2y =
-3


y = -3/2


But the range of
values of y is [-2;2].


Maximum of the sum: sin x + cos x =
1 + 1 = 2


Minimumof the sum: sin x + cos x = -1-1 =
-2


We'll work with
substitution:


sin x =
2t/(1+t^2)


cos t =
(1-t^2)/(1+t^2)


2t/(1+t^2) + (1-t^2)/(1+t^2) =
-3/2


4t + 2 - 2t^2 = -3 -
3t^2


We'll move all terms to one
side:


t^2 + 4t + 5 = 0


t1 =
[-4+sqrt(16-20)]/2


Since delta is negative, the equation
has no real solutions.


The only solution of
the equation is:
x = -pi/4 +
kpi.

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